Targeting the gastrointestinal tract to treat type 2 diabetes

Targeting the gastrointestinal tract to treat type 2 diabetes.

The rising global rates of type 2 diabetes and obesity present a significant economic and social burden, underscoring the importance for effective and safe therapeutic options. The success of glucagon-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, along with the potent glucose-lowering effects of bariatric surgery, highlight the gastrointestinal tract as a potential targe...

A low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet to treat type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND The low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet (LCKD) may be effective for improving glycemia and reducing medications in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS From an outpatient clinic, we recruited 28 overweight participants with type 2 diabetes for a 16-week single-arm pilot diet intervention trial. We provided LCKD counseling, with an initial goal of <20 g carbohydrate/day, while reduci...

Targeting nitric oxide in the gastrointestinal tract.

This review discusses the contributions of the three nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) isozymes neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) to the function and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Small (nanomolar) quantities of NO produced by calcium-dependent nNOS play a physiological role in peristalsis and sphincter function of the intestine. Decreased nNOS functi...

Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Treat Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 in Southern Iran

Targeting Hepatic Glucokinase in Type 2 Diabetes

Glucokinase (hexokinase IV) has a major role in the control of blood glucose homeostasis because it is the predominant hexokinase expressed in the liver, has a very high control strength on hepatic glucose disposal (1), and is the glucose sensor for insulin secretion in pancreatic -cells (2). Glucokinase is currently considered a strong candidate target for antihyperglycemic drugs for type 2 di...